Lexical Attrition Across Generations in a Minority Language

Abstract

This study examined lexical attrition in Southern Sinama, one of the minority languages spoken in the Philippines. A mixed-methods research design was employed to identify the extent of lexeme loss and the underlying factors contributing to this phenomenon. Thematic analysis was used to categorize these contributing factors. A total of 28 native speakers participated in the study, evenly distributed across four distinct generations. The materials utilized included a 417-word list translated by the participants to assess the rate of lexical attrition, as well as an interview guide designed to explore the factors associated with this attrition. The results revealed that the oldest generation (61 years and above) demonstrated strong vocabulary retention, with an attrition rate of only 1.54%, mainly due to age-related memory decline. In contrast, the middle-aged groups (31-45 and 46-60 years) showed moderate to notable attrition rates (4.66% and 2.64%, respectively), driven primarily by language shifts resulting from changes in social environments. The youngest generation (18-30 years) exhibited the highest attrition rate at 8.56%, influenced by globalization, technological advancements, and shifting social and familial dynamics. Critically, the study highlighted an increasing attrition rate with each younger generation, stressing a significant trend of language loss over consecutive generations. This trend emphasizes a concerning decline in linguistic heritage, potentially leading to the eventual extinction of Southern Sinama. As younger generations drift further from their linguistic roots, the loss of unique knowledge and identity associated with this language poses a significant threat to community cohesion and diversity. If these patterns continue, the future of Southern Sinama appears uncertain, illustrating the urgent need for revitalization efforts to preserve the language for future generations.

https://doi.org/10.26803/MyRes.2024.14